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REGGIO NELL'EMILIA, naar regio
overzicht
Emilia-Romagna
Is hoofdstad van de gelijknamige provincie, aan de
Crostolo.
Is een agrarisch handelscentrum voor wijn, kaas en vlees.
Bekend is de Kunstgalerie Parmeggiani. De Romaanse dom, oorspronkelijk
13de eeuw, heeft een 16de-eeuwse façade; voorts barokke kerk Madonna
della Ghiara (1597–1619) en twee renaissancepaleizen. Het 18de-eeuwse
Palazzo Comunale was in 1797 het toneel van een bijeenkomst waar de
kleuren van de huidige Italiaanse vlag werden bepaald.
Ten zuiden van de stad ligt de ruïne van de burcht van Canossa.
De stad heette in de Romeinse tijd Regium Lepidi, genoemd naar haar
vermoedelijke stichter, de consul Lepidus, in 187 v.C. Ze was in de
middeleeuwen het centrum van een Longobardisch hertogdom en van een
Karolingisch graafschap. Later behoorde ze aan het Huis d'Este
(1409–1776). In 1859 kwam de stad aan het koninkrijk Sardinië.
In kunstgalerie Galleria Parmeggiani bevinden zich edelsmeedwerk,
kostuums, wapens, meubels en schilderijen, onder anderen van El Greco en
Ribera.
Internet Gemeente:
Municipio.re.it/retecivica
History
With the arrival of the Romans, at the beginning of the II century b.C.,
Reggio Emilia (Regium Lepidi) became an urban centre as part of the road
network built along via Emilia, while the surrounding plain was drained
and settled. Scattered remains testify to a period of intense economic
activity for the entire imperial period until the barbaric invasions.
From the 8th century, the continuity of civil powers and the permanence
of the urban structures were guaranteed by the Bishop. In the 9th
century the heart of Matilde's domain was the Reggio territory,
fortified by an imposing series of castles. In 1077 one of the most
famous episodes in the war of Investitures took place within the city
walls of Canossa: the Emperor Henry IV, in the guise of a pilgrim,
appeals to Pope Gregory VII for the annulment of his excommunication.
Meanwhile, the free municipalities are being born on the ashes of
feudalism: Reggio is among the first. At the beginning of the 15th
century, it comes under the power of the Este Family. Prominent figures
mark the Renaissance period of Reggio: from Matteo Maria Boiardo, the
Count of Scandiano, the great poet of Orlando Innamorato, who was
governor of Reggio towards the end of the 15th century, to Ludovico
Ariosto, the great poet of Orlando Furioso, born in Reggio in 1474. The
17th and 18th centuries were tormented by wars, plagues and the
plundering of works of art. In intervals of peace, the creativity of
Reggio citizens expressed itself in the construction of sumptuous
palaces and many religious buildings, prominent among which is the
striking
Basilica della Ghiara, erected
in the first half of the seventeenth century with the contribution of
exceptional artists and the amazing development of silk art. On 7
January 1797, Reggio, the first site of the Italian parliament, on the
occasion of the birth of the Cispadane Republic, saw the birth of the "Tricolore",
the future Italian flag. The spirit of resistance lived on in Reggio
during the twenty years of fascism, culminating in the fight for
liberation. In recognition of the part played by the city in the
re-conquest of freedom, the Reggio Emilia standard was decorated with
the gold medal for military valour
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